Friday, February 25, 2011

Museum of African Art opens doors

By Paul Ndiho
February 25, 2011
The Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art in Washington has opened its doors to an exhibit showcasing African and Brazilian art.
"Artists in Dialogue Two (II)" chronicles works by artist Sandile Zulu from South Africa and Henrique Oliveira from Brazil. Karen Milbourne, museum curator says the interaction between the artists began a year ago, when they met at the museum to survey the gallery space.
“An artist who works with what we'd consider to be very transitional idioms of art history. Here you have an artist like Sandile Zulu who is working in the vocabulary of the minimal list… He's work is very clean, it’s very essential, it’s real just the essence of a very profound message and yet he's using it instead of the classical painting but doing it with fire."
Zulu makes designs on his white canvases using fire, water, and earth, his trademark technique. His muted color patterns are seen near the entrance of the gallery, while Oliveira's dynamic forms emerge from the back. Oliveira's two giant, wood installations bulge out from the wall like snarled tree roots, looking like two elephants.
Milbourne says Henrique Oliveira was inspired by Zulu's use of fire.

"He has taken this unyielding material and also worked in this vocabulary also something very familiar of painting but taking you to someplace else… So you have these classical starting points and yet there is nothing classical about these two artists.
"Arts in Dialogue Two (II)" is a way to celebrate ties between Africa and the African Diaspora, according to Museum Director Dr. Johnnetta Cole:
"A museum is at its best is in the story telling business, but I think it's a mistake if we think that there is only one story to be told, and we got it memorized and just hope that everybody who leaves the museum has the same story. But the extra- ordinarily thing about being in a relationship with this continent is that it will then take you into the Diaspora, it will then take you into the rest of the world, and that's a lot of stories.”
Oliveira builds his paintings in layers, much like a collage, splattering different colors. His paintings are busy with abstract shapes, popping with bright colors. "Artists in Dialogue Two" is on display at Washington's Museum of African Art through December. So if you are in DC, after many hours of braving the cold weather, shopping, sight-seeing…! You might want to pass at the museum and see for yourself.

Friday, February 18, 2011

Uganda goes to the Poll

By Paul Ndiho
February 18, 2011

Uganda's opposition presidential candidate, running for the third time, has called on people to take to the streets if there is evidence of election rigging.
Today’s presidential elections in Uganda are widely expected to hand President Yoweri Museveni a fourth term in office against his opponent, opposition front runner Dr. Kizza Besigye. General Museveni, who has ruled the East African country for over two decades, is running for the fourth time as the candidate of the ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM), seeking a continuation of his 25-year rule. General Museveni took power in 1986, (and) changed the constitution in 2005 to end presidential term limits.
Besigye has twice tried and failed to beat Museveni at the ballot box. He wants street protests if the poll is deemed rigged, and plans to release his own tally of results alongside the official vote count.

Shortly after casting his vote Besigye said East Africa's third largest economy is ripe for an Egypt-style uprising amid mounting frustration Museveni has been at the country's helm since 1986. Museveni has said he would clamp down on any protests.
"If the electoral commission eventually announces something different or if there is massive fraud from incidents like those I have described, then we shall be advising the country so, that this is not an election and letting the citizens decide what next to do, because this time we are not going back to the courts, our people are the courts, they should decide what to do with the next elections,"
European Union observers said voting had so far been peaceful, but were concerned some voters were being turned away from polling stations despite being registered and that they had seen a number of improperly sealed ballot boxes.
Many Ugandans complain of widespread corruption and a lack of investment in basic public services and infrastructure, but others respect Museveni for bringing stability to a country once plagued by brutal regimes.
The discovery of oil along the country's western border has upped the stakes. The vote's winner will be tasked with charting Uganda's emergence as a top-50 oil producer and managing the resulting petrodollars and foreign investor interest.
President Museveni defeated Besigye in 2001 and 2006 in elections that the Supreme Court ruled were marred by accusations of widespread fraud. Uganda's opposition criticizes the Museveni government, calling it corrupt and repressive.
Political analysts say attempts to sway voters had been more subtle this time to avoid alarming foreign donors and investors eyeing the country's oil.
The the ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM) has spent a "phenomenal" amount of money and that the state coffers were clearly dug into to support Museveni.
Analysts feel a public uprising is not likely to succeed in Uganda, where a population less educated and less Internet-savvy than that of Egypt is afraid of an army with a history of violently suppressing dissent.

Thursday, February 17, 2011

Ugandans Head to 2011 Polls

By Paul Ndiho
February 17, 2011

Millions of Ugandans head to the polls today with mixed feelings as they vote in presidential and parliamentary elections.
Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni on Wednesday re-iterated his threat to arrest main opposition leader, DR. Kizza Besigye, if Besigye carries out his vow to contest the election not in the courts, but in the streets. General Museveni has ruled the East African country for over two decades, and is running for the fourth time as the candidate of the ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM).
"If he does not want to go to court will be in order as it will mean our lawyers won't be paid any money to feed themselves for free, but to say that he will come into power through violence, there is no other way for us but to arrest him."
Most political analysts expect General Museveni will win, because he’s large sums of money on his campaign - tens of millions of dollars in state funds, according to critics, and paying people to go to his rallies. But General Museveni dismisses claims that Uganda might explode with street chaos if the poll is not fair.
"There will not be any Egyptian-like revolution here, because we are freedom fighters, we are not office people, there is nobody who can use extra- constitutional means to take power here, that one is out of the question."
54 year-old Kizza Besigye, who is facing former ally Museveni for the third time, says a popular uprising in Uganda was "even more likely" than in either Egypt or Tunisia after what he says are years of corruption. Besigye is the leader of the Inter-Party Cooperation or IPC Party, which intends to release its own polling results. The IPC says that if their results do not match the official figures, supporters will protest.
Besigye unsuccessfully appealed to the Supreme Court after losing in the last two polls, but says this he will appeal to the public instead. He says he has been threatened with arrest before by General Museveni:

"Am not surprised, that's the way he behaves whenever he is seriously threatened with the defeat. Actually he arrested me the last election and it will not come as a surprise that he is threatening, rattling and generally losing his composure as head of State."
Besigye and Museveni are going head-to-head at the ballot box for the third time. An urban-rural divide has emerged in Uganda, with Besigye enjoying strong support in urban areas and making inroads into Museveni's rural base of support. Besigye says that like Egypt, Uganda is looking for change:
"Egypt I think is not a situation that is unique to Egypt where the population is frustrated with institution of state they take the power back to themselves and use it to cause the changes they need and I think we are approaching that situation here."
Museveni and Besigye took to the streets on the final day of campaigns urging their supporters to turn up in large numbers at the polls.
At Museveni's rally, the grounds were swamped with supporters wearing yellow as the party colors and Besigye's were all in blue.
Car horns blared, people bashed drums and stereo speakers pumped out songs in support of both candidates - and six other hopefuls - drowning out the afternoon election chatter as many escaped the noise and the sun in dark cafes.

Tuesday, February 15, 2011

Uganda Elections Preview

By Paul Ndiho, Washington DC
February 15, 2011

Stakes are high in Uganda as the nation prepares to vote in presidential and parliamentary elections this week. Despite 25 years of economic growth and relative stability, many Ugandans are concerned about the state of democracy in their country.
Ugandans will go to the polls to elect their president on February 18 for the fourth time since the reinstitution of democracy. Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni, who has ruled the East African country for over two decades, is running for the fourth time as the candidate of the ruling National Resistance Movement (NRM), seeking a continuation of his 25-year rule. General Museveni took power in 1986, (and) changed the constitution in 2005 to end presidential term limits. Earlier this month, he began an airborne political campaign; flying planes blasting music across the country. This tactic has come under fire from Museveni's critics, who say he is spending taxpayer money for his own purposes, but Museveni dismisses those claims.

“NRM’s 25 years heritage to Uganda is a solid foundation for a progressive nation. What this means is while we have achieved recovery we are now going to take off."
The election pits General Museveni against his closest rival, Dr. Kizza Besigye, in the third face-off between the two men. Analysts say it is a test of democracy in a country about to start producing oil. Besigye is the leader of Inter-Party Cooperation (IPC), a coalition of four parties.
President Museveni defeated Besigye in elections in 2001 and 2006 in elections marred by accusations of widespread fraud. Uganda's opposition criticizes the Museveni government, calling it corrupt and repressive. Kizza Besigye says that there is a lot anger in Uganda and if upcoming elections are not free and fair, Uganda might be ripe for unrest.
"There is a lot of anger, frustration in our society without doubt, whether the rigging of the elections is what will trigger off that kind of public riots is one that I think is open to speculations, these things can be triggered by anything and normally it is the smallest thing that triggers of the beginning of such riots, but the ground is certainly set for that kind of public expression."
Democratic Party leader Norbert Mao is another presidential candidate who is worried about the credibility of Uganda's upcoming presidential elections.
“If we don't have free and fair elections, we are going back to the cycle of violence that we thought was now behind us.”
Olara Otunnu, Uganda People’s Congress (UPC) presidential candidate is another newcomer to the Ugandan political scene. He’s the former United Nations Undersecretary for Children in Armed Conflict Zones. Otunnu returned to Uganda last year after 23 years in exile to run for president.
Other presidential contenders include Dr. Abed Bwanika of the Peoples’ Development Party (PDP), Betty Kamya, Uganda Federal Alliance (UFA) presidential candidate, Jaberi Bidandi Ssali, People’s Progressive Party (PPP) presidential candidate, and Samuel Lubega, an Independent.

Thursday, February 10, 2011

Sexual Violence in Eastern Congo

By Paul Ndiho
February 10, 2011
Sexual violence against women in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has left thousands of victims in need of greater assistance. The United Nations is trying to reach out to women who bear the brunt of war. The U.N. recently opened new community center for women survivors of gender violence in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Rape has been used as a weapon of war in the Eastern Congo for more than a decade. It is estimated that hundreds of thousands of women have been raped by war-hardened rebels and government soldiers. The U.N.-funded "City of Joy" is Congo's first rehabilitation center for victims of sexual violence. The center opened its doors just weeks after a new spate of mass rapes in eastern Congo. Wabiwa-Mutulinwa is a spokesperson for sexual violence victims.
"We had said before and we are still saying that we need a committee to look after our needs, how are we expected to live? We are oppressed, when we are raped, everyone laughs at us saying we are mothers and asking if we are really using our heads properly."

City of Joy will provide hundreds of women each year with survival skills training, therapy, storytelling and comprehensive sexuality education.
On the center's opening day, United States Ambassador on global women's issues, Melanne Verveer, told participants that they need to work together for Eastern Congo.
"We work in many levels with our partners here, with all of you to end the conflict to end the atrocities of systematic rapes that is nothing less than a crime against humanity."
The City of Joy center will try to help Congolese women turn their pain and anger to hope, and become leaders in Eastern Congo.
But Wabiwa-Mutulinwa says Congo's women need help to stop the violence.
"We really suffer too much with the problem of rape, and we are requesting all of you who are here to help us as if this was to happen to your country it would be stopped very fast, we ask ourselves what mistake have we done?"
Last month more than 100 women, men and children were sexually abused in separate attacks carried out by the Congolese army and FDLR rebels in and around the South Kivu town of Fizi. U.N. Special Envoy on Sexual Violence, Margot Wallstorm.
“Women are so strong. Women carry children, they carry water, they carry produce, they carry firewood, they carry responsibilities and now they have to carry the shame of being raped. This has to stop.”
The DRC has one of the highest incidences of sexual abuse. There were an estimated 11,000 rapes in Congo in 2010 alone, according to the United Nations.

Monday, February 7, 2011

Politics of Oil in Uganda

By Paul Ndiho, Washington DC
February 7, 2011

Uganda is believed to have the largest onshore oil reserves in sub-Saharan Africa, but there are mounting concerns that an influx of petrodollars could lead to corruption.
Energy experts say Uganda will start producing crude oil this year, reaching peak production of 150-thousand barrels a day by 2015. Some of the oil will be used for power production, but the bulk will be sold domestically and in the region. The government says revenue will be used for infrastructure development Uganda's President Yoweri Museveni is reaching out to international investors.
“The oil industry in Uganda has potential of providing a lot of investment opportunities to oil companies and other related businesses. You are all welcome to invest in Uganda, to invest in this emerging industry, I am confident that with these interventions, Uganda will be a good destination for investment in the mining, petroleum and energy sectors."
Within Uganda, there have been concerns that oil revenue sharing agreements between energy companies and the government have not been made public. Dr. Kizza Besigye, Uganda’s leading opposition figure, says that this lack of transparency could lead to high levels corruption and warns that some contracts may have to be renegotiated. Other critics say that Museveni, who has ruled for more than two decades and is standing for a fourth presidential term, will not tolerate a handover of power with petrodollars about to flow.
"The secret contracts that have been negotiated with the current regime will have to be reviewed because we don't know what they are. It will have to be reviewed and a review can lead to any kind of outcomes; could lead to a re-negotiation, it could lead to cancellation; it could lead to any form of outcome depending on what we find. We don't know. This country does not know what our leaders are negotiating on our behalf."

Last year, a Ugandan court dismissed a case that local NGOs had filed to compel the government to disclose details of oil-sharing agreements it signed with four companies. Tom Balemesa, an oil researcher and Peace Corp Fellow, says that since the discovery of oil, expectations are high and life of ordinary people is being transformed in one of the remotest regions in western Uganda.
“With the discovery of Oil more people are coming into Hoima District and more people are expecting a lot of benefits in terms of jobs."
Balemesa is also concerned that Uganda's local population will not be able to get jobs in the oil industry.
“The whole idea is looking at it from a humanistic approach to the person on the lower side… Yes the road has been contracted but what are the alternatives for this person on the ground who has not been to school because most of them have not been to school, so are they going to resettle them, are they going to give them some compensation, or are they going to encourage them to go to school and get skills?"
Analysts say Uganda has the potential to produce as many as 200-thousand barrels of oil per day. This would place Uganda among the top 50 biggest producers in the world and among the top 10 in Africa.